From: Jeff Dike <jdike@karaya.com> To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, user-mode-linux-devel@lists.sourceforge.net, user-mode-linux-user@lists.sourceforge.net Subject: UML is now self-hosting! Date: Fri, 03 May 2002 16:08:45 -0500 UML is now able to run nested inside itself. This works as of UML 2.4.18-21, which isn't released yet, but will be soon. See the log below for the gory details, and also see http://user-mode-linux.sf.net/nesting.html for how to do it yourself. This is a sign of UML maturity rather than any new magic functionality having been added. UML is a demanding process, so even though it uses only the Linux system call interface, it takes some maturity for a Linux kernel to host it. The missing pieces were a couple of signal delivery bugs that were still lurking. Once these were fixed, UML booted right up. Jeff Here's the log of the first nested boot. Notes: 'usermode:~#' is the UML shell prompt. /dev/ubd/1 has been attached to a tomsrtbt image on the host ~/linux/2.4/nest/linux is the specially build nested UML. Also note the back-to-back UML shutdowns at the very end. usermode:~# scp jdike@192.168.0.254:linux/2.4/nest/linux . jdike@192.168.0.254's password: scp: warning: Executing scp1 compatibility. linux 100% |*****************************| 8227 KB 00:00 ETA usermode:~# ls -l linux -rwxr--r-- 1 root root 8424800 May 3 21:09 linux usermode:~# ./linux ubd0=/dev/ubd/1 tracing thread pid = 146 Linux version 2.4.18-21um (jdike@uml.karaya.com) (gcc version 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-81)) #1 Wed May 1 21:07:32 EDT 2002 On node 0 totalpages: 8192 zone(0): 0 pages. zone(1): 8192 pages. zone(2): 0 pages. Kernel command line: ubd0=/dev/ubd/1 root=/dev/ubd0 Calibrating delay loop... 707.26 BogoMIPS Memory: 32244k available Dentry-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Buffer-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Page-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Checking for host processor cmov support...Reading /proc/cpuinfo failed, errno = 2 Yes Checking for host processor xmm support...Reading /proc/cpuinfo failed, errno = 2 No Checking that ptrace can change system call numbers...OK Checking that host ptys support output SIGIO...No, enabling workaround POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039 Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd VFS: Diskquotas version dquot_6.4.0 initialized devfs: v1.10 (20020120) Richard Gooch (rgooch@atnf.csiro.au) devfs: boot_options: 0x1 JFFS version 1.0, (C) 1999, 2000 Axis Communications AB JFFS2 version 2.1. (C) 2001 Red Hat, Inc., designed by Axis Communications AB. pty: 256 Unix98 ptys configured block: 64 slots per queue, batch=16 RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize SLIP: version 0.8.4-NET3.019-NEWTTY (dynamic channels, max=256). loop: loaded (max 8 devices) PPP generic driver version 2.4.1 Universal TUN/TAP device driver 1.4 (C)1999-2001 Maxim Krasnyansky NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0 IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048) NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0. Initializing stdio console driver Initializing software serial port version 1 mconsole (version 1) initialized on /root/.uml/yfWc2E/mconsole Partition check: ubda: unknown partition table UML Audio Relay: May 1 2002 21:17:10 VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly. Mounted devfs on /dev INIT: version 2.84 booting EXT2-fs warning: mounting unchecked fs, running e2fsck is recommended INIT: Entering runlevel: 5 Welcome to the uml version of Tom's root/boot. This is a customized version, so the notice below is displayed at Tom's request. ******************************************************************************* * If you base something on it, use any of the scripts, distribute binaries or * * libraries from it, or distribute customized versions of it: You must credit * * tomsrtbt and include a pointer to http://www.toms.net/rb/ and tom@toms.net, * * and include this notice verbatim. Copyright Tom Oehser 1999. This notice in * * no way supercedes or nullifies any other protections on the component parts * * such as the BSD and GPL copyrights which apply to practically everything!!! * * Within these strictures you may redistribute, incorporate, copy, modify, or * * do anything else to it or with it that you like. Tomsrtbt has no warranties * * not even implied fitness or usefulness. If it breaks you keep both pieces. * ******************************************************************************* What you have is... 3c589_cs advansys agetty aha152x aha152x_cs aha1542 aic7xxx ash awk badblocks bdflush buildit.s busLogic busybox bzip2 cardbus cardmgr cat ce ce.help chain.b chattr chgrp chmod chown chroot clear clone.s cmp common config cp cpio cut date dd ddate debugfs df dhcpcd dirname dmesg ds du dumpe2fs e2fsck eata echo echo.c elvis emacs ex extend false fdflush fdformat fdisk fdomain filesize find findsuper fmt fsck.ext2 fsck.msdos fstab grep group gzip halt head hexdump hexedit host.conf hostname hosts i82365 ifconfig ifport ile image init init.old inittab insmod install.s ioctl.save issue kill killall5 ksyms ld ld-linux length less libc libcom_err libe2p libext2fs libss libtermcap libuuid lilo lilo.conf ln loadkeys login losetup ls lsattr man mawk md5sum memtest miterm mkdir mkdosfs mke2fs mkfifo mkfs.minix mklost+found mknod mkswap mnsed more more.help mount mt mtab mv nc ncr53c8xx network networks nmclan_cs ntfs passwd pax pcmcia pcmcia_core pcnet_cs ping plip ppa printf profile protocols ps pwd qlogic_cs qlogicfas rc.0 rc.6 rc.M rc.S rc.custom rc.custom.gz rc.custom~ reboot rescuept reset resolv.conf rm rmdir rmmod route rsh rshd script scsi scsi_info seagate sed serial serial_cs services setserial settings.s sh shared shutdown slattach sleep snarf sort split stty swapoff swapon sync tail tar tcic tee telnet telnetd termcap test tomcr.txt tomshexd tomsrtbt.FAQ touch true tune2fs umount undeb undeb-- unpack.s unrpm-- update utmp vi vi.help view wc wtmplock ...Login as root. ttys/0 tomsrtbt login: root Password: ile rev.2.01 Today is Pungenday, the 50th day of Discord in the YOLD 3168 Celebrate Discoflux # ps uax 1 S (init) init 2 S (keventd) 3 S (ksoftirqd_CPU0) 4 S (kswapd) 5 S (bdflush) 6 S (kupdated) 7 S (mtdblockd) 55 S (ile) ile /bin/sh -c . /etc/profile -si 59 S (sh) /bin/sh -c . /etc/profile -si 61 S (ps) /bin/sh /usr/bin/ps uax 62 R (ps) /bin/sh /usr/bin/ps uax 63 R (sed) sed -e s/\ / /g # halt INIT: Switching to runlevel: 0 INIT: Sending processes the TERM signal halt System halted. nbd: module cleaned up. usermode:~# halt Broadcast message from root (vc/0) Fri May 3 21:24:09 2002... The system is going down for system halt NOW !! INIT: Switching to runlevel: 0 INIT: Sending processes the TERM signal INIT: Sending processes the KILL signal Stopping internet superserver: inetd. Stopping OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd. Saving the System Clock time to the Hardware Clock... hwclock: Can't open /dev/tty1, errno=2: No such file or directory. hwclock is unable to get I/O port access: the iopl(3) call failed. Hardware Clock updated to Fri May 3 21:25:17 CEST 2002. Stopping portmap daemon: portmap. Stopping NFS kernel daemon: mountd nfsd. Unexporting directories for NFS kernel daemon...done. Stopping NFS common utilities: statd. Stopping system log daemon: klogd syslogd. Sending all processes the TERM signal... done. Sending all processes the KILL signal... done. Saving random seed... done. Unmounting remote filesystems... done. Deconfiguring network interfaces: done. Deactivating swap... done. Unmounting local filesystems... done. * route del -host 192.168.0.253 dev tap0 * bash -c echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/tap0/proxy_arp * arp -i eth0 -d 192.168.0.253 pub Power down. nbd: module cleaned up. um 1012: - To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/